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Text 842¡¾Aim in the world¡¿

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    ? Seven young people from the two houses, plus Sun Yunqiu who was called to accompany them, gathered together during the break time.

    A pile of four Hanlin courtyards, and a pile of four Qintian courtyards.

    Li Quan, a sunny boy, sat down on the ground and asked: "Brother Yuan Jing, hasn't your nautical clock been built yet?"

    ?Wang Su, Zi Yuanjing, postgraduate student of Jinling University, disciple of Fang Yizhi in Qintian Academy. Major in physics, minor in astronomy, proficient in machinery, unattractive.

    The key is not to look good. At their age, even if they are not married, they have a marriage contract. It is really hard to find someone who meets the emperor's requirements, so Wang Su, who is relatively ugly, is also brought in to make up for it.

    Wang Su complained endlessly: "Brother Yuheng, the precision you require is too high, how can I make it? It has been more than three months, and the error value of the clock has only been reduced by 3%-8%.  When I die of old age, I won't be able to build you a nautical clock.""

    "Try again, haha, you can definitely do it." Li Quan was not discouraged, and gave Wang Su blood with a smile.

    Tian Yang said: "Brother Yuheng, if you want to measure longitude at sea, why do you have to use the clock method? Can't you use the lunar distance method?"

    Li Quan shook his head: "The disadvantages of the lunar distance method are too obvious. First, it cannot be used on cloudy and rainy days, and it cannot be used in the daytime; second, there are always a few days in each month.  Deviation; Third, the amount of calculation of the lunar distance method is too large, and the stargazer on the ship may not be able to grasp it."amp;quot;

    Tian Yang is a boring gourd in front of the princess, but he speaks very sharply at this moment: "It takes a year and a half for ocean voyages, and the first and second shortcomings you mentioned can be completely ignored. As for the calculation amount is too large, we can  As far as making the lunar distance table, a lot of data must be obtained in advance. The star-struck master can calculate the table according to the table, which can greatly reduce the amount of calculations, and only a high school graduate will be able to do it."amp;quot;

    Sun Yunqiu listened for a while, and asked curiously: "Are you talking about sailing?"

    Sun Yunqiu is a master of Qintian Academy, and the other three are not even bachelors, but graduate students affiliated with Qintian Academy.

    Li Quan still sat on the ground, clasped his hands and said: "It's good to teach Master Sun that the three of us are discussing how to solve the longitude measurement when sailing. Nowadays, the technology of latitude measurement at sea is very mature, but the longitude measurement has never been done."  Solution. If the ship cannot dock for a long time, you have to measure the longitude, otherwise you can only sail forward by luck."

    "Tell me what you think." Sun Yunqiu became interested.

    Li Quan said in detail: "Now there are two theories, one is the clock method, and the other is the lunar distance method. Let's talk about the clock method first. According to the earth's orbit around the sun, the time of different longitudes is different. Qintianyuan  The planetarium has set the longitude of Nanjing as 0 degrees. By calculating the time difference between the time of the ship and Nanjing, the specific longitude of the ship can be calculated."

    Sun Yunqiu can also make clocks, and immediately shook his head when he heard it: "The clock method is impossible to realize for the time being, the error is too large, and the current clocks are not accurate enough."

    Li Quan said: "My idea is to improve the accuracy of clocks and watches as much as possible and build more nautical clocks. Put ten or twenty nautical clocks on the ship, and take the average number of these nautical clocks when measuring longitude."

    "No, no, you are playing luck." Sun Yunqiu shook his head.

    Li Quan also said: "Then we can only use the lunar distance method. Using the position of the moon in the starry sky, the starry sky is regarded as a clock face, and the moon is used as a pointer. Then, through calculation, the position of the moon is transformed into the location of the ship."  This method needs to compare the star catalog and rely on the long-term observation data of the observatory. The observation data of the starry sky is our strength, and there are hundreds of years of data in Nanjing\Beijing. But the disadvantage is also obvious, it cannot be measured in rainy days,  There are a few days of each month where the error is very large. The main reason is that the amount of calculation is too large, and it is difficult for ordinary navigators to complete it."amp;quot;

    Wang Su added: "The swaying of the hull also greatly interferes with the lunar distance method. "

    "It's not very big, it's very big, so I prefer the clock method." Li Quan said.

    Wang Su said: "We plan to improve the ruler and cross to make more sophisticated navigational instruments. But no matter how we improve, we must know where the ship is when we want to measure longitude"

    To use a sextant to measure longitude, the prerequisite is that the local time is known.

    Europe is also thinking of ways, because their astronomical observation data is not enough, so they have used the clock method for a long time. Since the error of the nautical clock is too large, then bring more nautical clocks.

    However, nautical clocks are precision instruments. Even in a few decades, each nautical clock will cost more than 500 pounds. Twenty thousand nautical clocks will be gone.

    So in EuropeThe city and the city never prospered, and the food needed by Keelung had to be transported from Manila. Second, due to the lack of Spanish troops, they were bullied by the natives of Taiwan, and even the castle was once breached.

    In desperation, Spain could only give up the colony of Keelung.

    Now Spain¡¯s Pacific route starts from the South Philippine Islands, passes through Manila to the Balintang Strait, then follows the Ryukyu Islands, from the southern waters of Japan to the east, and follows the ocean current to the Americas. In the Americas, it follows the ocean current and returns straight to the sea.  Balintang Strait, and then south through Manila to the South Philippine Islands.

    Luzon\Taiwan\Ryukyu Islands have all been controlled by China, and the Balintang Strait has almost become China's inland sea, directly cutting off the Asian starting point of the Pacific route.

    In such a situation, Spain does not dare to start a conflict with China. In the event of a war, the Chinese navy does not need to do anything else, just block the Balintang Strait, and Spain's galleon trade will be declared over.

    Li Quan's idea is to start from Shandong, use Japan as a springboard to go to America, and open up a "Shandong-America" ??route.

    This route is useless now, but if Chinese maritime merchants want to do business in the Americas in the future, they can choose from two routes: one is Taipei-America, and the other is Shandong-America.

    Zhao Han showed a gratified expression, and asked: "Traveling thousands of miles into the sea, you will almost die, do you know the danger?"

    Li Quan categorically replied: "Although he died nine times, he has no regrets!"

    This person must not be a son-in-law, Zhao Han doesn't want his daughter to be a widow in a daze
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