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Chapter 643: Homemade Ironmaking

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    At this time, everyone still believed in officialdom and had no idea of ??the horror of a monopoly economy.

    Huang Mingyuan wanted to be the coal king in the Sui Dynasty.

    Huang Mingyuan is preparing to mine coal on a large scale in the former Dongsheng Coal Field, Zhungeer Open-pit Coal Field and Alxa Coal Field area. The coal here has a shallow surface, rich resources and high quality, making it a good place for coal mining.  Whether it is Dongsheng's coking coal or Alxa's anthracite, they are the finest coals for generations to come.

    ¡°It¡¯s a pity that there are no internal combustion engines in this era, otherwise Huang Mingyuan would be preparing to open oil in Bayannur.  At that time, we will directly enter the industrial age.

    However, there is no industry without coal and without iron. The pillar industries of Britain's first industrial revolution, in addition to the textile industry, were the coal and steel industries. Britain's industrial dominance was originally based on these two industries.

    In later generations, Inner Mongolia was not short of coal, let alone iron.

    Soon, Huang Mingyuan established a steelmaking plant in the Huyan Valley area and named it Dahe Steel Plant.  Huyan Valley was the later Baotou area. The imperial court established Huyan Town here, and the famous Baotou Steel was born here.

    Three hundred miles to the north from here is the famous Bayan Obo, China¡¯s largest iron ore producing area, and more than half of the world¡¯s rare earths are found here.  It's just that Bayan Obo is located to the north of Yinshan Mountain and produces iron ore, so Huang Mingyuan dare not go there to mine it rashly.  If this place is attacked by barbarians, it will be a big joke.

    But at this time, the iron ore near Muna Mountain at the southern foot of Yinshan Mountain is enough for Fengzhou.  The iron ore here is neither of high yield nor of good quality, but it is a good material for ironmaking.

    In Huang Mingyuan's mind, Jiuyuan City is too far to the west; Yulin City is too far to the east; Datong City is too close to Yinshan Mountain, not close to the river, and has insufficient congenital qualities.  The center of Fengzhou envisioned by Huang Mingyuan should be in the Baotou area.

    ??The location here is moderate, connecting the east and west, taking into account the front, back and south of the river. It is also the northern section of the original Qinzhi Road, with convenient waterways and rich products.  The most important thing is that later generations chose this place, which has the innate foundation to become an industrial city.

    Huang Mingyuan ordered Li Zixiao to choose a site to build the city here. Not only should it be large-scale, but he also planned to improve the construction standards to make it the second Datong City.

    As for the large-scale steelmaking in Fengzhou, Huang Mingyuan did not understand the blast furnace ironmaking that was popular in later generations, and he did not have a complete set of advanced technologies, but ironmaking with local methods could be done.

    During the era of large-scale steel smelting, every village and township relied on local iron smelting methods to barely complete their production share.

    Ironmaking requires bricks to build a blast furnace, so a brick factory also came into being.

    In fact, this is how the initial industry developed. Whatever was lacking was built, and gradually it became a closed-loop industrial chain.

    Soon, several tall iron-making furnaces were erected on the bank of the Yellow River. From a distance, they looked like pillars supporting the sky, which was spectacular.

    On the day of the opening of the furnace, thousands of kilograms of iron were produced in one day. Rongbi and others were incredulous when they saw it.

    Huang Mingyuan laughed that they had never seen the world. The output was only about a hundred tons a year. Huang Mingyuan himself was embarrassed to say it. Even a backward steel plant in the 21st century could produce more than this in a day.  Of course, no such steel plants could be found at that time, and the government eliminated them all.

    "However, Huang Mingyuan is not worried about the output. He was not skilled in technology at the beginning. As the production scale expands and the technology improves in the future, it should be no problem to produce more than 1,000 tons per year.

    These iron-making furnaces initially used wood, but Huang Mingyuan later asked them to process it into charcoal.

    Although the quality of the steel produced is incomparable to that of later generations, it is already much stronger than many steels today.  Huang Mingyuan knew what was needed to make iron, but he just couldn't produce it.

    Huang Mingyuan also ordered the craftsmen to try to incorporate some possible trace elements into the steel, and there was a lot of gain.

    Seeing that the steel plant was on track, Huang Mingyuan ordered to try to use coal to make steel. After all, the temperature that coal can reach is far beyond that of charcoal.  If they only used charcoal, they would have to cut down even the Yinshan Mountains.

    "It's a pity that this time it didn't go as Huang Mingyuan intended.

    In fact, people began to use coal as fuel and to smelt iron as early as the Han Dynasty. In the Northern Song Dynasty, the use of coal to smelt iron was quite common, which greatly improved the hardness and quality of the smelted steel. In the late Southern Song Dynasty, my country began to use coke to smelt iron. It became popular in the Ming Dynasty.

    But this is just a record. In fact, they are all unformed technologies, let alone promotion.  In this era, limited by concepts, transportation and other reasons, technical barriers were very serious. The use of coal was not taken seriously, and there was almost no output, let alone using it to make steel.  Although Huang Mingyuan's technology is far inferior to that of later generations,??, but compared to today's iron-making methods, they are far ahead of their time.

    ¡°And what Huang Mingyuan pursues is scale, so he must use the methods of later generations.

    Fortunately, we don¡¯t pay attention to environmental protection issues now.

    But good things come hard. Soon the Dahe Steel Plant produced the first batch of carboniferous steel, but the quality was not up to par.  Uncle Chi asked people to send the newly made steel to Huang Mingyuan. Huang Mingyuan looked at the steel and frowned.

    Without him, the new steel is too brittle.

    Huang Mingyuan quickly understood that they were using coal, which contained too many sulfur and phosphorus impurities, which affected the performance of the steel.

    No wonder some books say that China's Ming Dynasty used coal to make iron, and its technology was ahead of the world. However, the quality of the iron was affected, and the guns made always exploded, which indirectly affected the development of Chinese guns.  The Europeans used charcoal to make iron, so this problem did not arise, and they naturally devoted all their efforts to developing thermal weapons.

    It¡¯s natural to use charcoal to make iron, but Huang Mingyuan chose coal because he didn¡¯t want to cut down too much forest.

    Huang Mingyuan thought of Coke at this time.

    Some books say that it is not wrong to use coal to make iron, but the coal used is not ordinary mined coal, but processed coke, and coke is obtained by dry distillation of coal at a high temperature of about one thousand degrees.

    Modern coking is undoubtedly difficult to achieve in this era, but when our ancestors were smelting steel, they also created an indigenous method of coking because of the lack of coke.

    Local coking is a process in which the coking coal stacked in the kiln is ignited by artificial ignition through the ignition hole on the side wall of the kiln without air isolation in the kiln.

    ??The coking process of the local method has a long coking cycle, low coke formation rate, high coal consumption, and high coke ash content. In future generations, it will not even be considered as backward production capacity.  But now, this is the only way Huang Mingyuan can think of.

    Soon the steel mill produced coke based on Huang Mingyuan¡¯s local coking method, and the steel made from it finally greatly improved in strength and hardness.

    Huang Mingyuan touched the newly made steel and the sword that was forged after hundreds of refinements. He couldn't help but admire the technical advantages.

    Although many of today¡¯s craftsmen have very weak theoretical development, with experience and practice, they can create power that you can¡¯t even imagine.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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