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Chapter 1598: Allied Counterattack (2)

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    The Allied forces counterattacked Burma, which was undoubtedly another major blow to the Japanese army!

    The Myanmar battlefield is the most important battlefield on the Indochina Peninsula. It is related to the fundamental interests of the Japanese army in the Pacific.

    In May 1942, four divisions of the 15th Army, commanded by Shojiro Iida, the former chief of staff of the First Army in Shanxi, captured southern and central Myanmar in the fifth month after the outbreak of the Pacific War. Subsequently, the 15th Army's divisions  The 56th Division continued to attack Yunnan in China in two ways.

    The first group, commanded by Major General Shizuo Sakaguchi, commander of the 56th Infantry Brigade, entered China from Nankan and captured Longling on June 3. At 11 o'clock that day, the leading troops arrived on the west bank of the Nu River. The Chinese defenders destroyed the Huitong Bridge and fought with the enemy.  Confrontation across the river.

    On the other hand, the 148th Regiment of Colonel Matsumoto Kiroku and the Search Regiment of Colonel Hirai Usuke crossed the Ruili River from near Nankan to attack the secret base. The 148th Regiment advanced eastward from the secret base and crossed Betel Nut.  Jiang, captured Tengchong.

    After the Chinese army fought repeatedly with the enemy for about half a month, they immediately monitored the enemy on the spot.

    After the first phase of the Japanese army's battle in Myanmar came to an end, the 15th Army made defensive arrangements for its four divisions and directly affiliated units. At the same time, according to the intention of the Southern Army Commander-in-Chief Juichi Terauchi, the 15th Army was led by the deputy staff officer of the army.  Colonel Naganasu Yoshio and Colonel Hiraoka Junzo, who was familiar with Burmese affairs, began to organize the Burmese government under the military control of the 15th Army.

    After repeated consideration and discussion, on July 27, 1942, Lieutenant General Shojiro Iida, as the "Commander of the Japanese Army in Burma", appointed Aung San as the Commander of the Burma Defense Force with the rank of colonel.  Aung Than was appointed chief of staff of the Myanmar Defense Forces with the rank of lieutenant colonel.

    When the Japanese aggressor army invaded Southeast Asia, they used slogans such as "Expelling Britain and the United States from East Asia, Asia is Asia for Asians; establishing a new order in East Asia; establishing a Greater East Asia Co-Prosperity Sphere; Greater East Asia coexistence and common prosperity."  To deceive.

    Thailand and Burma attempted to use Japan's power to oppose Britain, and thus fell into its trap one after another.  Vietnam, under the rule of the French Vichy government, allowed the Japanese army to use various bases in Vietnam in the name of cooperation with Japan.

    Before and after this, anti-British sentiment in India was also quite high.  Germany and Japan are already participating in the planning and financing of various powerful anti-British figures in India, preparing to stir up trouble in India and abroad so that German troops can enter India from North Africa and Japanese troops from Malaya.

    In name, it was to support India's independence. In fact, Germany and Japan wanted to join forces in India, so as to strategically surround the anti-German Soviet Union and anti-Japanese China, and cut off the water and land channels for the allies to assist the Soviet Union from the Arabian Gulf through Tehran;  Cut off allied air transport from India to China's southwest region.

    If this plan of Germany and Japan can be realized, it will have extremely negative consequences for the anti-fascist war in Europe, Asia and the world.

    To this end, the Chinese government, through diplomatic channels and with the consent of the United States, Britain and India, on February 4, 1942, led by Chiang Kai-shek's wife Soong Meiling and government officials Wang Chonghui, Zhang Daofan, Dong Xianguang and the British Ambassador to China  Carr flew to India to visit and smoothen relations between Britain and India to facilitate the anti-Japanese war at that time.

    In order to ease the conflict between Britain and India and facilitate the unification of the Far East against Japan, Chiang suggested that based on the current new situation in the Far East and in order to prevent the political tricks Japan used in Thailand and Burma from being repeated in India, the United Kingdom should immediately declare that India  as an autonomous state, and the Indians should temporarily give up their demands for complete independence.

    Through the mediation of the Chinese government, cooperation between Britain and India was finally achieved throughout the entire anti-Japanese process. This also helped India gain a strong political position after World War II when it became independent.

    However, Japan¡¯s strategy for India has already been carried out intensive activities in India and abroad through diplomats with specialized missions and graduates of the "Army Nakano School".  The focus, of course, is on the issue of national independence, which was of greatest concern to all classes in India after the First World War.  In a word, Japan attempted to use the Japanese Empire to replace the British Empire's rule over India, and use it as a base to compete with Britain and the United States to compete for world hegemony.

    By March 1944, the number of Japanese troops in Burma had increased to 10 divisions. Their organization was as follows: Lieutenant General Shozo Kawabe, Commander of the Burma Front, Lieutenant General Taro Naka Nagai, Chief of Staff, the 15th Army, the 33rd Army, and the 28th Army.  army, plus some directly affiliated troops.

    The commander of the 15th Army, Lieutenant General Mutaguchi Renya, and the staff officer, Lieutenant General Naganomura Momoyo, belong to the 15th Division, the 31st Division, and the 33rd Division.

    The commander of the 33rd Army, Lieutenant General Masato Honda, and the chief of staff, Major General Tadashi Katakura, have jurisdiction over the 18th Division, the 56th Division, and the 53rd Division.

    The commander of the 28th Army, Lieutenant General Sakurai, and the Chief of Staff, Major General Hideo Iwawa, have jurisdiction over the 2nd Division, the 54th Division, and the 55th Division.

    The tasks of the above three armies are,Three divisions of the 15th Army attacked the Imphal area of ??India; three divisions of the 33rd Army defended northern Myanmar and the Tengchong and Longling areas west of the Nu River in Yunnan, China; the 28th Army defended southwestern Myanmar and the Bay of Bengal coastal areas.  .

    On the battlefield in Burma, the main opponent of the Japanese army is the Chinese expeditionary force in Burma, which cooperates closely with the British and Indian armies.

    After many battles with the Japanese 15th Army, most of this unit retreated into the country along the China-Burma border.  However, Liao Yaoxiang's newly formed 22nd Division and Sun Liren's newly formed 38th Army Division, in order to assist the British army, entered the area west of the Mandelqin Railway to fight.

    Because the railway was blocked by the 18th and 56th Divisions of the enemy's 15th Army, they and the British army overcame many difficulties and crossed the uninhabited primeval forest area of ??Arakan in western Myanmar to arrive in India for training. At the same time, US Army General Shi Shi also retreated to India.  General Diwei, China's land passage from Yunnan has also been blocked by the enemy.

    After that, the air route from India to Kunming was gradually opened to transport a certain amount of combat materials, and when the aircraft returned to India, the newly formed 30th Division was airlifted to India for American mechanized equipment training.  Later, these three divisions were organized into the new 1st Army with Zheng Dongguo as the commander and commanded by US General Stilwell.

    By the end of October 1943, the Japanese offensive in the Pacific region had been stopped, the U.S. military began partial counterattacks, and the situation on the Soviet and German battlefields in Europe also improved.

    A British army, an American army and a Chinese expeditionary force concentrated in India began to advance towards northern Burma. They were preparing to regain the northern Burma area and at the same time build a new railway line from Ledo Town, the end point of the railway in Assam, India, through the new back of northern Burma.  Yang, Mako, Lawa, Meng Gong, Miyi, Bhamo, Nankan, to the road and an oil pipeline in Wanding, Yunnan, China, to transport large quantities of combat materials to northern Myanmar and to aid China.

    The Japanese army defending this area at that time was the 18th Division commanded by Lieutenant General Tanaka Shinichi.  The 5th Flying Division of Lieutenant General Tian Teng was cooperating with the Myanmar Front Army in the air.

    China's newly formed 1st Army in India, according to the scheduled plan, began to attack eastward from Ledo at the end of October 1943; the two armies of the Chinese Expeditionary Force in Yunnan began to attack west of the Nujiang River in May 1944.  They counterattacked in the Tengchong and Longling areas, moved east-west with the newly formed 1st Army and other troops in northern Myanmar, and finally opened up the Ledo International Highway.

    The 112th Regiment of the newly formed 38th Division of the New 1st Army attacked Xinbeiyang east of Ledo at the end of October 1943. The newly formed 22nd Division carried out roundabout support to the east, and the enemy's 18th Division gradually retreated.  .

    In early November, the 112th Regiment captured Xinbeiyang.  After that, the US military sent a regiment to participate. After four months of jungle combat, the newly formed 22nd Division went through hardships and suffered heavy sacrifices. Finally, on March 5, 1944, it captured Mengong and eliminated the enemy's troops in the Hukang Valley.  Occupying half of the entire Ledo Highway.

    At the same time, the 3rd Division of the British-Indian Army, commanded by General Wingate, began airlifting nearly 10,000 people, 1,200 mules and horses, artillery, jeeps, etc. with about 700 transport aircraft and gliders on March 5.  , parachuted into the areas on both sides of the Moning and Jiesha railways south of Mengong.

    Subsequently, an airport was built there to block the rear transportation of the enemy's 18th Division, and opened up a battlefield behind enemy lines that relied entirely on air to maintain communication with the outside world.

    In order to enhance the offensive strength of the New 1st Army, China airlifted the 14th Division and the 50th Division to India, and then participated in the battle along the eastward attack route of the New 1st Army.

    As the New 1st Army and other units advanced in attack, the mechanized road construction troops of the US Army Engineers constructed at an advancing speed, creating extremely favorable conditions for transportation, supplies, and transfer of the wounded.  (Remember the website address: www.hlnovel.com
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